Performance of using opposing homozygotes for paternity testing in Japanese Black cattle

Genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in Japanese Black cattle enable genomic prediction and verifying parent–offspring relationships. We assessed the performance of opposing homozygotes (OH) for paternity testing in Japanese Black cattle, using SNP genotype information of 50 sires and 3,420 fattened animals, 1,945 of which were fathered by the 50 genotyped sires. The number of OH was counted for each sire–progeny pair in 28,764 SNPs with minor allele frequencies of ≥0.05 in this population. Across all pairs of animals, the number of OH tended to increase as the pedigree-based coefficient of relationship decreased. With a threshold of 288 (1% of SNPs) for paternity testing, most sire–progeny pairs were detected as true relationships. The frequency of Mendelian inconsistencies was 2.4%, reflecting the high accuracy of pedigree information in Japanese Black cattle population. The results indicate the utility of OH for paternity testing in Japanese Black cattle.     

饲料中添加核苷酸混合物对凡纳滨对虾幼虾非特异性免疫和抗氧化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究外源核苷酸混合物对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)幼虾非特异性免疫和抗氧化指标的影响.选取960尾初始体重为(0.43±0.01)g的凡纳滨对虾,随机分为8组(每组设3个重复,每个重复40尾虾),分别投喂在基础饲料中添加0(对照)、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8、1.0和1....     

几株桑天牛成虫肠道优势细菌的分离与鉴定

为了研究桑天牛成虫肠道微生态环境,探索破坏桑天牛营养利用等功能的生物防治新途径,对健康桑天牛成虫肠道的优势细菌进行分离鉴定。选择平皿上出现3个以上的菌落作为肠道优势细菌进行分离纯化,共获得6个菌株。6个菌株均呈杆状,革兰染色和氧化酶反应均呈阴性,在25～35℃、pH 5.5～9.5的环境中生长良好,但各菌株的菌落形态及多种生化性状有差异。通过菌体形态观察、染色反应、生理生化特征分析及16S rDNA碱基序列测定与同源性分析,鉴定1、2、3号菌株分别为产酸克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella oxytoca)、大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)、荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens),4、5、6号菌株分别属于不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、沙雷氏菌属(Serratia)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)。     

山羊成纤维生长因子受体（FGFR1）基因的多态性检测

选择与羊同源性较高的牛FGFR1基因组序列（NM_001110207）设计3对特异性引物,采用DNA池PCR直接测序法快速检测黔北麻羊FGFR1基因的多态性,并以内蒙古白绒山羊和关中奶山羊比较,结果表明：在引PCR产物中只有黔北麻羊检测到多态,分别处于外显子5和内含子5的T133C和C211T的碱基突变,而其他2个品种...     

悬液芯片系统在检测领域的研究进展

悬液芯片系统诞生于20世纪90年代中期,由美国Luminex公司的研制。该系统使用荧光编码的聚苯乙烯微球作为特异性反应的固相载体,通过偶联试剂的作用,将蛋白质、寡核苷酸、小分子肽类及脂肪偶联到微球的表面构成不同的检测探针。在反应体系中,检测探针通过特异性反应（如抗原―抗体,配体―受体,核酸互补碱基对）捕获与探针相对应的分析物,用荧光标记物标记与探针结合的分析物得到悬液芯片系统的检测物。依据微球内部红色和橙色荧光染料比例的不同,将供悬液芯片系统使用的聚苯乙烯微球分为100种不同的型号。检测器对荧光标记物荧光强度进行检测的同时能分辨不同型号的微球,并将不同型号微球对应的标记物的荧光强度进行分别记录,最终实现一次分析多种检测物的目的。作者综述了悬液芯片系统的原理及在蛋白质、核酸检测领域的研究进展。     

Association between ERK5 -322G/T polymorphism and genetic susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer

AIM: To investigate the correlation between extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 ( ERK5 ) -322G/T polymorphism (rs3866958) and the susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC) in southern Chinese population. METHODS: ERK5 -322G/T genotypes were determined by Taqman-MGB probes in 835 CRC cases and 908 healthy controls. RESULTS: No significance of ERK5 -322G/T genotype distribution between CRC patients and controls was observed, but -322G/T decreased the susceptibility to CRC in fat people whose BMI was ≥ 24 kg/m². Compared to GG genotypes, the carriers with GT and TT genotypes had a significant decrease in the risk of CRC(OR=0.576,95%CI 0.413-0.804, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: ERK5 -322G/T polymorphism (rs3866958) has no significant relevance with sporadic CRC susceptibility, but decrease, the risk of CRC in people with fatness. The T variant genotype is an independent protective factor against sporadic CRC of overweight patients in southern Chinese population.     

Associations of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor (GnRHR) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Genes'''' Polymorphisms with Egg-Laying Traits in Wenchang Chicken

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of chicken gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) were selected to identify the genotypes of Wenchang (Chinese indigenous breed) chicken with restricton fragment length polymorphisms. The associations of the SNPs with the total egg production (NE), average days of continual laying (ADCL), and number of double-yolked eggs (DYE) traits were analyzed. The frequency of restriction enzyme A/a alleles in the population was for GnRHR 0.69 (Bpu1102 Ⅰ A) and 0.31 (Bpu1102 Ⅰ a) and for NPY 0.46 (Dra Ⅰ B) and 0.54 (Dra Ⅰ b). Trait data from a total of 120 hens, which were purebred introduced from Hainan Province, China from one generation were recorded. Two significant effects of genes' marker were found for GnRHR and number of eggs (dominant; t= 2.67, df= 116) and NPY and number of eggs (additive; t= 1.97, df= 116). The current research supports the effects of GnRHR and NPY genes on egg-laying traits of chickens.     

5个枇杷晚熟品种果实氨基酸组成和含量分析

为了探讨白肉枇杷和红肉枇杷果实的风味和营养品质的差异,利用氨基酸自动分析仪测定了5个晚熟枇杷品种果实的氨基酸含量。结果表明,新白1号枇杷果实中天门冬氨酸和谷氨酸等鲜味类氨基酸含量占总氨基酸的53.9%,明显高于红肉枇杷中的含量;而红肉枇杷的甜味类氨基酸和芳香类氨基酸含量略高于白肉枇杷。白肉枇杷中药用氨基酸含量高于红肉枇杷,而红肉枇杷符合氨基酸模式谱的指标多于白肉枇杷。     

凡纳滨对虾α-淀粉酶基因的SNPs检测

利用PCR产物直接测序法,对凡纳滨对虾SPR和SPF 2个品种共40个样本的α-淀粉酶基因(GenBank序列号:AJ133526)的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)进行了研究。找到9个SNPs,分别为:C127T、A138G、T951C、T1083C、C1457T、A2147C、A2226G、A2297G和T2306C。其中1个SNP是第4外显子中的错义突变,2个SNPs分别是第5和第7外显子中的同义突变,6个SNPs是内含子中的突变。这些结果可为凡纳滨对虾的研究提供遗传学依据。